Self-Direction in Adult Learning
Index
[To
search, record the page number, use the Index key to move to the appropriate
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Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
acquainting learners with each other
113-14
activity-oriented learners 38
Adjective Check
List 76, 77
Adler, A.
131
administrators 166, 167, 228-9
Adult Education
Guided Independent Study (AEGIS) Program 93-4, 161-2
Adult Education
Quarterly
39
Adult Independent
Learning Project 150
AEDNET (Adult
Education Network) 165
Agyekum, S.
K. 61-3, 69, 70, 85
Alexander the
Great 8
‘
andragogy 29, 103-5, 193
Andresen, A.
184
Apps, J. W.
135, 136, 159
Aristotle 7,
124
Ash, C. R.
163-4
attending 142
autonomous learner 20
Autonomous Learner
Index (ALI) 56
autonomy 22, 27, 94; restricted freedom and
16
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Baghi, H. 12, 50
Baskett, H. K. 104
Bauer, B. A.
93-4, 161-2, 162
Bayles, M. D. 196, 198
Beder, H. 37,
39
behavior modeling 134, 137
behaviorism 128-9
Berg, A.
189
Biklen, S. K.
96
biography 136-7
Bitterman, J. A. 64
Blackwood, C.
C. 58, 78
Blanchard, J.
19-20
Bogdan, R. C.
96
Boggs, D. L.
155
Boshier, R.
22
Botsman, P. B. 50
Boucouvalas,
M. 182
Box, B. J.
67
Brasfield, L. 46
Brockett, R.
G.: Dimensions of Ethical Practice model 197; helping relationship 140,
communication skills 142; inspired by Steinbeck
137; institutions 15; life satisfaction
study 60-1; SDLRS 70, 70-1, 71-2, 74;
self-directed learning 10, 24, continuum 11,30,
politics 32, critique of research 15, 51,
97; theory of self-education 85; Weekend Scholar
163
evaluation 87; fellowship of learning 86-7;
critical thinking 14, 117, 134-5; eva1uation
87; fellowship of learning 86-7; learning projects research 52-3;
library 151; Malvern
evolving perspective 21-2
isolation 11, 12, learner/ facilitator relationship 14, politics 32,
social self-direction 32;
rational thinking context 32; self-help organizations 154
Bruner, J.S.
9
Bundy, M. L.
151
business 164-5
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Caesar, Julius
8
Caffarella,
E. P. 65
Caffarella,
R. S. 15, 170: classification of research 39; learning contracts 64-5; learning
projects
research
53-4
Candy, P. C.
23, 94
Carr, D. W.
151
Cavaliere, L. A. 94-5
challenge education 158
Chene, A. 22, 23, 27
Citizen Involvement
Training Project
(CITP)
154-5
class 15, 96, 97, 219
client-centered approach 126, 132
climate, learning 112-13
cognitive abilities 88
cognitive interest 63, 123
Collard, S.
133
colleges 158-9, 228
Collins, M.
16
commitment to learning 76-7, 77
communication skills 142
community: educative 148-55, 219; future
217
community colleges 159
competitiveness 87
Confucius
124
consequences of learning 28
constructionism
94
continuum, self-direction as 11,30, 148,
204
contracts, learning 118, 128,223-4; individualized
instruction 116; self-directed readiness and
64-5; control 12: of learning variables 117-19;
measuring self-direction and locus of 56,
76, 77; politics of self-direction 32; rational
thinking and 139-40
Coolican, P. M. 44-5
cooperation 87
correspondence education 183-4, 185, 186, 188, 189,
192-3
Craik, G. L. 8-9
creativity 57
critical reflection 117, 134-8
Croft Educational
Services 175
Crook,
J.68
Cross, K. P.
159: barriers to participation 123, 166; institutions
169-70
cross-cultural research 194, 225
culture 194, 219, 227
Cunningham,
J. R. 66
Cunningham,
P. M. 120
Curry, M. A.
61
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Dale, D.
155
Dale, S. M.
150, 151
Darkenwald,
G. G. 123, 156, 186
Day, C.
104
Day, M. J.
28
Dean, G. J.
154
Della-Dora,
D. 19-20
Descartes, R.
8
descriptive statistics 53
desire to learn 63
Deterrents to
Participation Scale (DPS) 123
developmental theory 89
Dickinson, G.
37
Dimensions of
Ethical Practice Model 197-8
dispositional barriers 123, 166, 168
distance learning 161
documentation methods 118
Dowling, W.
D. 154
Dressel, P. L. 159
dualistic perspective 61
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
East, J. M.
61
educational attainment 98: and learning projects 52;
SDLRS and 71-2, 73
educators 148: barriers to self-direction 168; ethics
197-8, 199-201, 202; expectations of 190-1,
194; facilitating self -directed learning
105, 108-9 see also individualized instruction;
institutions 167; key roles 219-21;
learning partnership 14, 105; librarians as 92-3, 149-
50; policy recommendations 177-8; recommendations
for practice 225-9; self-education
as 'easy way out' 14,
202; strategies for enhancing learner self-direction see learner
self-direction
efficiency 199-201
Egan, G. 140,
141, 142
Eisenman, J. G. 64
electronic mail 216
elementary education 156-8
Elias, J. L.
26, 124-5
Ellis, A. 139,
139-40
empathy 142
environment: behaviorism and self-direction 128-9; learning
119, 219
Erasmus of
Esum, H. R. 48
ethics 195-204: in adult education 196-8; dilemmas
199-204,219; workshop on 198-9, 200
evaluation 117,118
Even, M. J.
11
evening education 188, 189, 192-3
expectations of educators 190-1, 194
experts without formal training 84-5
external degree programs 159-61
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
facilitators see educators
fads 12
Fagothey, A.
196
Faure, E. 106-7
Fellenz, R. A. 22-3
fellowship of learning 86-7
Ferrell, B.
56
fiction, general 136
Field, J. L
50
Field, L. 73,
74
field-independent learning 11
Finestone, P. M. 69, 71
Fingeret, A. 53, 226
Flexner, J.M.
149
folk high schools 184
Franklin, Benjamin
8
freedom 14-15, 16: see also autonomy
Freire, P. 132-3,
222
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Garrison, D.
R. 148, 161
Gemeinschaftsgefuhl
131
genuineness 141
Gerstner, L.
S. 94
Gibbons, M.:
experts without formal education 9, 84, 136; schools 20; stages in self-direction
157-8; theory of self-education
127-8
Gilder, J.
174
Gleazer, E. J. 159
goal-oriented learners 38
Goble, F. G.
125
Gordon, R. S.
45-6
graduate education 161-3
Graeve, E. A. 69
Gromov, M. 188-9
Gross, R. 120,
172, 174
grounded theory 83
groups 194:
growth, individual see personal development;
potential
Grundtvig, N. F. S. 184
Guglielmino,
L. M.: SDLRS 56-7, 63, 75, 98, 224, business study 164, job performance 63-4,
reliability 69, response to
criticisms 73-4, 74
Guglielmino,
P. J. 63-4, 164
Gurian, E. 153
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Hall-Johnsen,
K. J. 60
Hamidi, A. S. 193
'
hands-on learning experiences 153
Harrington,
F. H. 160
Hassan, A. M. 48, 59-60
Hayes, E. R.
123-4
health: behavior 61; future 217; professions 163-4,
see also nurses
Healy, G. M.
174
helping skills 140-2
hemisphericity 57-8, 78-9, 98
Hiemstra, R.:
control of learning variables 118, 119; interactive journal 138;
museums 151, 152; personal philosophy 198;
projecting the future 217; schools 156-7;
self-directed
learning 10, as continuum 11, 30, isolation 12, learning partnership 14,
policies 170, 171, 173, resources 120, 148,
151, 152; self-planned learning 24,
study 47-8;
higher education 91-2, 158-9:
see also external degree programs, graduate
education
Highlander Research and
Hilton, W. J. 170
Himmelstrup, P. 184,
194
Hosmer, W. 9,
19
Houle, C. O. 7,160: typology of learning
38, 123
humanistic philosophy 26-7,
124-8: social context 131-3
Hunter, W. E. 159
Huron Agricultural Resources Tomorrow
(HART) 155
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
IBM 164
individualized instruction 16, 105,
109-17: climate setting 112-13; evaluation activities 117;
helping learners become acquainted 113-14;
implementing self-directed learning 116-17;
initial planning 110-11; needs assessment
114-15Indonesia 189-90
industry 164-5
initiative training 157-8
institutions 15-16, 147-68, 169-70, 220: barriers to
implementing self-directed learning in 166,
168; educative community 148-55; ethical dilemma
202-3; higher education 91-2, 158-9;
policy recommendations 178-80;
programs built on self-directed learning ideas 156-66;
research needed 224
instructional process see process
orientation
intellectual development
77-8
intentional changes 9, 43-4
Internal-External
Scale 56, 76
intervention, consequences of
195, 199-201
interviews, structured 52
involvement, planning and
107-8
isolation 11-12, 86-7
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Jarvis, P.
170
Jefferson
School-Based Management and Self-Directed Learner Project
157
Jensen, G.
37
job performance 63-4
job satisfaction 69
Johnson, E.
50
Johnson, J.
A. 64
Johnstone, J.
7, 44
journals, personal
137-8
Junto, The 8
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Kasworm, C.
E. 22, 65-6, 91-2
Kay, E. R.
46
Kellogg Project
165
Kerwin, M. A. 159
Kidd, J. R.
9, 19
Knowles, M.
120: andragogy 29, 104, 109-10; Empire State College 160-1; higher
education
159; schools
157; self-directed learning 10, 13, 16, 148, 221, instructional process 28,
learner control 21, personality
29
Knox, A. B.
152
Kordalewski, J. B. 151
Kulich, J.
7-8
Index Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Lacey, L. C.
64
Landers, K.
71, 80
Law, M.
133
learner self-direction 26,
29, 122, 143: conceptual influences 124-31, behaviorist 128-9,
humanist 124-8, transformation theory 129-31;
PRO model 26, 29, 31; strategies for
enhancing 133-42, critical reflection 134-8,
helping skills 140-2, rational thinking 138-
40; see also
personal responsibility, personality
Learner's Advisors
150
learning, fellowship of
86-7
learning activities 13
learning conditions 30-1
learning experiences, control of 118
learning-oriented
people 38, 123
learning partnership 14, 105, 134
learning process see
process orientation
learning projects research
9-10,40, 41-54, 182: contributions 51-2; limitations 52-4; low levels of
self-planning
50-1; mothers with pre-school children 44-5; older adults 47-8; rural and
urban adults 45-6; Tough's work 41-4;
Leean, C. 87-9
Leeb, J. G. 61, 71, 78
Leisure Activity
Scale 76, 77
Lewin's Field Theory 88
librarians as educators 92-3, 149-50
libraries 8,49-50, 149-51
life satisfaction 60-1, 70
lifelong learning 19, 148, 156
listening, active 142
Litchfield,
A. 76
Little, D.
147
Long, H. B.
8, 85: SDLRS 61-3, 69-70,72-3,74; visiting teacher
program 188
Lundgren, P.
M. 43-4
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
'Mary' 3-4,
7, 108
Maslow, A. H.
29, 56: peak experience 89, 126; self-actualization 125-6,
131-2
Maudz, M. M. 189-90
Mavor, A. S. 150
McCarthy, W.
F. 63
McClusky, H.
Y. 154
McCoy, C. T.
79
McCune, S. K.
74, 80-1
'me'
generation 12
Measure of
Epistemological Reflection (MER) 77-8
measuring self-directedness see
quantitative studies
Merriam, S.
26, 124-5, 156, 186
meta-analysis
80-1
Mezirow, J.
105, 134: perspective transformation 129-30, 133
Mgulambwa, A. C. 191
Mid-America,
University of 160
Middlemiss, M. A. 69
Miller, N.
50
Miura,
Seiichiro 187
Mocker, D. W. and Spear, G. E. 105, 147-8: lifelong learning matrix
19, 148; organizing
circumstances 90-1; planning and involvement
107-8
Moore, R. J.
68
Morstain, B. R. 123
mothers with pre-school children 44-5
Mourad, S. 57-8, 58, 60, 78
Murray, J. A.
68
museums 151-4
mystic (peak) experience 89, 126
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
'Neal' 4-5,
7, 108
needs: assessment 110-11, 114-15, 118, 190; hierarchy
125
neobehaviorism
128
networking 226
Newsom, R. 8,
164
non-directed learning 202
non-fiction, general 136
nonrational thinking 89
Nunnally, J. C. 70
nurses 163-4: SDLRS 66-9
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Oddi, L.F. 23, 98, 224
Oddi Continuing Learning Inventory
23,56, 75-80, 98, 224: compared with SDLRS 71,
80
O'Donnell, J.
M. 15, 39, 53-4, 170
O'Hara, M.
132-3
older adults 47-8
Oliver, L. P.
185
Open University
151, 160, 184, 186
organizing circumstance 89-91
outcomes, expected 118
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
pace, learning 119
Palumbo, D.
V. 68-9
Pardoen, A. R. 185
parenthood, influential 157
Parish, A. H.
182
Parks, T.
153
participation, research on 123-4
partnership, learning 14, 105, 134
peak experience 89, 126
Penland, P.
R. 128, 147: learning
projects study 48-50, 53
Perry, W.
61
person-centered approach 126, 132
personal development: self-direction 22-3, 133-4;
social context 131-3; see also potential
Personal Orientation
Inventory 56
personal responsibility 219: enhancing learner
self-direction 134, 138-9; humanistic philosophy
124, 126-7; PRO model 26-8
Personal
Responsibility Orientation (PRO) model 25-33, 216, 217, 220, 222: need for
critical
scrutiny of 221; personal
orientation 29, 122; process orientation 28-9; self-direction in
learning 29-31; social context
32-3
personal value system 197
personality perspective 22-3, 24: PRO model 26, 29, 122-3;
research 40; see also learner self-
direction, Self-Directed Learning
Readiness Scale perspective transformation 129-31,
133
Peters, J. M.
45-6
Phillips, G.
20, 157-8
planning 128: individualized instruction 110-11, 116;
learning projects 43, 47-8; organizing
circumstance 89-90; self-directed
learning 105-9; see also self-planned learning
Plato
7
policies 167, 169-81, 219,223: derivation of 171-2,
174; impediments to implementing 172-3;
policy-building workshop 170-1, 173-5;
statements 175-80, facilitator perspective 177-8,
institutional perspective 178-80,
student perspective 175-7
politics of self-direction 32-3, 96, 97,
222-3
potential 122-3, 133-4, 219: see also personal
development
Pratt,
proactive drive 75, 77
probing 142
process orientation 20-1, 22-3, 24: PRO model 26,
28-9; see also self-directed learning professionals 79
Progoff,
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
qualitative studies 40, 83-96, 98: contributions and
limitations of 95-6; experts without formal
training 84-5; fellowship
of learning 86-7; higher education settings 91-2; librarians 92-3;
organizing circumstance 89-91;
quality 15-16, 220
quantitative studies 40, 55-82, 96, 97, 224: meta-analysis
80-1 OCLI 75-80; SDLRS see Self-
Directed Learning Readiness
Scale
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
race 15, 61-2
Ralston, P.
A. 48
rational-emotive therapy (RE1) 139
rational problem-solving 88-9
rational thinking 138-40
rationale statement 110
Reader's Advisor
149
reading 135, 136-7
Reamer, F. G.
196
Refined Wagner
Preference Inventory (WAPI) 78
research 37-8, 219: assessment of 96-9; qualitative
see qualitative studies; quantitative see
quantitative studies; recommendations
for 223-5; three streams of 38-40
resources 219: community 148-55; early self-directed
learning 8; individualized instruction 111;
learner control 118-19; long-distance learners 89; Penland
survey 49-50;
recommendations for practice 226;
for self-directed
learning 119-20; see also libraries
respect 141
Reynolds, M.
M. 63, 69, 123
Rivera, R. 7,
44
Rivera, W. M.
170
Roberts, D.
G. 64
Rogers, C. R.
9, 28, 29,141: client-centered therapy 126-7; compared with Freire
132-3
Rotter, J. B. 56, 76
Royce, M.
185
rural and urban adults 45-6
Rusnell, D.
37
Ruvinsky, L. I. 188-9
Rymell, R. G. 164
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Sabbaghian, Z. S. 58-9, 60
Salamon-Conte
Life Satisfaction in the Elderly Scale 60
Savicevic, D. M. 189, 192-3, 193
Savoie, M. M. 66-7
schooling 19-20, 156-8
Schuttenberg, E. M. 105,226
secondary education 156-8
Sekiguchi, R. W. 187
self-actualization 125-6, 131-2
self-concept 13, 58-9, 98, 122-3
self-directed education 22, 28-9
self-directed learning 24: facilitating, control of learning
variables 117-19, planning 105-9,
resources for 119-20; see also
individualized instruction; PRO model 26, 28-9; see also
process
orientation
Self-Directed
Learning Readiness Scale(SDLRS) 56-75, 98, 164,
182, 224: analysis of 69-75,
Field criticisms 73-4, internal consistency
70-1,72, reliability and validity 69-70;
compared with OCLI 71, 80;
diagnostic studies 64-6; early studies 57-60; nurses
66-9;
psychosocial correlates 60-4
self-direction in learning concept 24: as continuum 11,
30, 148, 203; historical background 7-10;
as panacea 203-4; politics
of 32-3, 96, 97, 222-3; PRO model 29-31; stages in developing
157-8
self-education, theory of 85; 127-8
self-education services 158
self-help efforts 154-5
self-help writing 136
self-modification 128
self-planned learning 20, 24: projects 44, 46, 47-8, 49-50,
appropriateness of research on 52-3,
low levels of 50-1; SDLRS
59-60; see also planning
self-reflective learning 134: see also critical
reflection
self-reliance policy,
Shaw, D. M.
77-8
Shipley Institute
of Living Scale 76, 77
Shostrom, E. L. 56
Sidel, M. 187, 188
Sisco, B.
87-9
situational barriers 166, 168
Six, J. E. 8-9,
79
Skager, R. 13
Skaggs, B. J.
60
Smart, J. C.
123
Smith, J. C.
92-3, 149, 150
Smith, R. M.
9, 120
social action 129
social context 32-3, 96, 221: dilemma
131-3
social problems 96, 97, 182, 217
Socrates
7
Spear, G. E.
see Mocker, D. W. and Spear
Steinbeck, J.
137
Stewart, D.
148-9
Stubblefield,
H. W. 106, 107
study circles 185
SUNOCO 164-5
Svensson, A. 185
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
teachers see educators
technology 161, 165-6, 215
television 188, 193
Tennant, M.
104
Tharp, R. G.
128
thinking 88: critical 134-5; rational
138-40
'third
force' in psychology 125
Thompson, M.
M. 159
time 12-13
Totten, W. F. 157
Tough, A. M.
28, 38, 40, 55, 170: learning projects 9, 41-4, 52; self-planned learning
20, 40
Tracy, S. J.
105, 225
transformation theory 129-31, 133
trust 134
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Umoren, A. P. 50
unconditional positive regard 141
‘undereducated' adults 88, 95
universities 158-9
urban and rural adults 45-6
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Valentine, T.
123
values 197-8: see also ethics
Verner, C.
147
visiting teacher program 188
visualization 88
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Wagner, R. F.
78
Watson, D. L.
128
Wedemeyer, C. A. 160
Weekend Scholar
program 162-3
Weichenthal, P. 175
Wells, K. A.
78
Wexler, R. A.
139, 140
Wexler, R. L.
139, 140
Wiley, K. R.
67-8
workbooks 111
Wright brothers
95
writing 135, 137-8
Index
Key
Chapter
1
3-17
Chapter 6
103-121
Chapter 11
195-206
Chapter
2
18-36
Chapter 7
122-146
Chapter 12
207-215
Chapter
3
37-54
Chapter 8
147-168
Chapter 13
216-228
Chapter
4
55-82
Chapter
9
169-181
Appendix
A
229-244
Chapter
5
83-102
Chapter 10
182-194
Appendix
B
245-246
Young, L. G.
64
Zabari, P. L. 93
Zhou, N.
188
Ziegler, W.
L. 170, 174, 175
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